mouse skeletal muscle cell line c2c12  (ATCC)

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The C16orf87 protein is a subunit of the MIER corepressor complex controlling embryonic development and cell migration

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-50740-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Knockdown of C16orf87 causes minor changes in the host cell protein profile. ( A ) Alignment of human ( Homo sapiens , UniProtKB accession number Q6PH81 ), mouse ( Mus musculus , UniProtKB accession number Q9CR55 ), and zebrafish ( Danio rerio , UniProtKB accession number Q6DGQ4 ) C16orf87 amino acid sequences. Alignment mismatches are indicated in gray boxes. The underlined sequence represents a possible minimal Akt/PKB kinase consensus recognition motif. A Ser91(S91) phosphorylation site is marked with an asterisk. ( B ) Per-residue confidence (pLDDT) coloring of the top-ranked predicted model of C16orf87. In the inset, the predicted zinc-ribbon domain is shown with the zinc-interacting cysteines (Cys16, Cys19, Cys30, and Cys32) indicated around the zinc ion (Zn 2+ ). The position of the phosphorylated serine (Ser91), a putative alpha-helix between amino acid residues Ser-107 and Ala-126, and the confidently predicted C-terminal alpha-helix between amino acid residues Asp-130 and Ile-153 are also highlighted. The ipTM and pTM values are annotated. N, N-terminus; C, C-terminus. Figure was rendered using ChimeraX (version 1.8, https://www.rbvi.ucsf.edu/chimerax ) ( C ) Western blot (WB) analysis of C16orf87 siRNA (siC16) knockdown in Panc-01, MiaPaCa-2, and C2C12 cell lines. A non-specific, scrambled siRNA (siScr) was used as a control; the WB membrane was probed with the antibodies against C16orf87 and actin. MS-based proteomics analysis of siRNA-treated C2C12 ( D ), MiaPaCa-2 ( E ), and Panc-01 ( F ) cells. Data points corresponding to histones are colored in pink, and statistically significant ( P < 0.05, fold-change > 1) proteins are colored in yellow (mouse cell line C2C12) and green (human cell lines, Panc-01 and MiaPaCa-2).

Article Snippet: Human pancreatic cancer cell lines Panc-01 (ATCC, CRL-1469) and MiaPaCa-2 (ATCC, CRL-1420), mouse skeletal muscle cell line C2C12 (ATCC, CRL-1772), and human cervical cancer cell line HeLa S3 (ATCC, CCL-2.2) were used in this study.

Techniques: Knockdown, Sequencing, Phospho-proteomics, Residue, Western Blot, Control, Membrane

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: C26 and CT26 colorectal cancer models exhibit divergent cachexia phenotypes, intramuscular inflammation, and protein turnover signaling

doi: 10.64898/2026.04.21.719997

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Subconfluent C2C12 myoblasts cultured in DMEM were plated in the 24-well base plate at 2.5 × 10 4 /cm 2 . C2C12 myoblasts proliferated for four days and were induced to differentiate in differentiation media (DM), DMEM containing 2% horse serum for 72 hours. On the same day of inducing differentiation, C26 cells and CT26 cells were plated in the co-culture inserts at increasing densities (4.17 × 10 4 /cm 2 , 8.3 × 10 4 /cm 2 , and 1.67 × 10 5 /cm 2 ) and proliferated for 72 hours. C2C12 myoblasts were plated in the inserts at 8.3 × 10 4 /cm 2 as a negative co-culture control. Then, the co-culture inserts containing C26, CT26, or C2C12 cells were moved to the lower compartments of the base plate. Fresh DM was added to both inserts and lower compartments. (B) The co-culture continued for 72 hours, and cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) and stained for myosin heavy chain (MyHC, green) and myogenin (MyoG, red). DAPI was used to counterstain the nuclei (blue). Scale bar is set at 200 µm. Myotube diameter (C) , percentage of myotube area (D) , MyoG + /total DAPI + percentage (E) , and total DAPI + cells (F) were quantified to assess potential atrophic effect of C26 cells and CT26 cells. *P<0.05 for pairwise comparison to C2C12 insert control, #P<0.05 for comparison between C26 and CT26 cells.

Article Snippet: The murine skeletal muscle cell line C2C12 (ATCC, CRL-1772) and two colorectal carcinoma cell lines including C26 (a gift from Dr. Keehong Kim at Purdue University) and CT26 (ATCC, CRL-2638) were cultured separately in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco, 11995-065) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning, 35-010-CV) and antibiotics (penicillin 100 U/mL, streptomycin 100 μg/mL, Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C in a cell incubator with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Cell Culture, Co-Culture Assay, Control, Staining, Comparison

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Aspirin hastens resolution of skeletal muscle inflammation and promotes recovery of muscle strength following acute injury

doi: 10.64898/2026.04.21.719989

Figure Lengend Snippet: A: Representative immunofluorescence images of day 3 post-differentiation C2C12 myotubes that were treated during differentiation with various NSAIDs, including aspirin (ASA), indomethacin (INDO), ibuprofen (IBU), celecoxib, and SC-236 at the indicated concentrations. Cells were stained for myosin heavy chain (MyHC, green), myogenin (MyoG, red), and DAPI (nuclei, blue). B: Representative immunofluorescence images of day 3 post-differentiation C2C12 myotubes treated with doses of INDO ranging from 6.25 µM to 400 µM. C-E : Quantitative analysis of INDO-treated cells showing a dose-dependent decrease in DAPI + cell density ( C ), differentiation index (%) ( D ), and myotube area (%) ( E ). F: Representative images of ASA-treated myotubes ranging from 62.5 µM to 4 mM. H–J: Quantification of DAPI + cell density ( H ), differentiation index (%) ( I ), and myotube area (%) ( J ) in C2C12 cells receiving ASA treatment. K: Representative images comparing the effects of ASA (2 mM), INDO (200 µM), and the combination of INDO + ASA on C2C12 myotube morphology. L-N: Statistical comparison of cell density ( L ), differentiation index (%) ( M ), and myotube area (%) ( N ) across vehicle and treatment groups. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Šídák post hoc tests. *, **, ***, and **** denotes p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001, and p<0.0001 between indicated groups, respectively. # denotes p<0.05 difference between ASA and vehicle groups.

Article Snippet: The mouse C2C12 skeletal muscle cell line (ATCC, CRL-1772) was cultured in high glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco, 11995-065) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Corning, 35-010-CV) and antibiotics (penicillin 100 U/mL, streptomycin 100 μg/mL) (Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C in a 5% CO atmosphere.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Comparison

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deuterated Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Alleviate In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress

doi: 10.64898/2025.12.29.696779

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A): To assess the effect of H-PUFAs and D-PUFAs during differentiation, confluent C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate for 72 hours in DM supplemented with a 25 µM dose of individual H-PUFAs or D-PUFAs. (B-D): Total DAPI + cell count (B) , average myonuclei per myotube (C) , and average myotube diameter during differentiation (D) were quantified using ImageJ. (E): To assess the effect of H-PUFAs and D-PUFAs on mature myotubes, confluent C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate for 72 hours in DM prior to supplementation with a 25 µM dose of individual H-PUFAs or D-PUFAs for 72 hours. (F-H): Total DAPI + cell count (F) , average myonuclei per myotube (G) , and myotube diameter (H) were quantified using ImageJ. For both experiments, myotubes were fixed by 4% PFA and visualized after immunofluorescent staining for sarcomeric myosin (MF20c, colored green) and myogenin (F5Dc, colored red). Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar is 200 µm. *P<0.05 for difference compared to vehicle, #P<0.05 for difference between H-PUFA and D-PUFA.

Article Snippet: The C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cell line (ATCC, CRL-1772) was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco, 11995-065) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning, 35-010-CV) and antibiotics (penicillin 100 U/mL, streptomycin 100 μg/mL, Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C in humid air with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Cell Counting, Staining

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deuterated Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Alleviate In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress

doi: 10.64898/2025.12.29.696779

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A): To assess the effect of H 2 O 2 on mature myotubes, confluent C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate for 48 h in DM and then pre-treated with a 25 µM dose of individual H-PUFA or D-PUFA for a further 24 h. Subsquently, myotubes continued to grow in fresh DM with 2 mM H 2 O 2 and a fresh 25 µM of H-PUFAs or D-PUFAs for 48 hours. Myotubes were fixed in 4% PFA and visualized after immunofluorescent staining for sarcomeric myosin (MF20c, colored green) and myogenin (F5Dc, colored red). Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar is 200 µm. (B-D): Total DAPI + cell count ( B ), average myonuclei per myotube ( C ), and myotube area ( D ) were quantified using ImageJ. ( E): Bodipy C11 staining of C2C12 cells receiving H-PUFA or D-PUFA in the presence of H 2 O 2 . Oxidized lipids are in green and reduced lipids are in red. *P<0.05 for difference of PUFAs compared to H 2 O 2 , #P<0.05 for difference between H-PUFA and D-PUFA.

Article Snippet: The C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cell line (ATCC, CRL-1772) was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco, 11995-065) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning, 35-010-CV) and antibiotics (penicillin 100 U/mL, streptomycin 100 μg/mL, Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C in humid air with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Staining, Cell Counting

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deuterated Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Alleviate In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress

doi: 10.64898/2025.12.29.696779

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) To assess the effect of erastin during differentiation, proliferating C2C12 myoblasts were pretreated with a 25 µM dose of individual D-PUFAs including D-ARA, D-EPA, D-DPA, or D-DHA for 24 hours. Confluent myoblasts were then induced to differentiate in DM containing ferroptosis inducer erastin (10 µM) and fresh D-PUFAs (25 µM) for 72 hours. (B-D): Total DAPI + cell count ( B ), average myonuclei per myotube ( C ), and average myotube diameter ( D ) were measured using ImageJ. (E): To assess the effect of erastin on mature myotubes, confluent C2C12 cells were induced to differentiate in DM for 48 hours and then pretreated with individual D-PUFAs for 24 hours. Subsquently, myotubes continued to grow in fresh DM containing erastin (10 µM) and fresh D-PUFAs for 72 hours. (F-H): Total DAPI + cell count ( F ), average myonuclei per myotube ( G ), and myotube diameter ( H ) were quantified using ImageJ. Myotubes were fixed and visualized after immunofluorescent staining for sarcomeric myosin (MF20c, colored green) and myogenin (F5Dc, colored red). Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar is 200 µm. *P<0.05 for difference during differentiation, #P<0.05 for difference post differentiation.

Article Snippet: The C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cell line (ATCC, CRL-1772) was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco, 11995-065) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning, 35-010-CV) and antibiotics (penicillin 100 U/mL, streptomycin 100 μg/mL, Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C in humid air with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Cell Counting, Staining

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deuterated Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Alleviate In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress

doi: 10.64898/2025.12.29.696779

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A): To assess the effect of D-PUFA dose during differentiation, proliferating C2C12 myoblasts were pretreated with an increasing dose of D-ARA, D-ALA, or D-LA (0, 25, 50, 100 µM) for 24 hours. Confluent myoblasts were then induced to differentiate for 72 h in DM containing erastin (10 µM) and fresh D-ARA, D-ALA, or D-LA at respective concentrations. Myotubes were fixed and visualized after immunofluorescent staining for sarcomeric myosin (MF20c, colored green) and myogenin (F5Dc, colored red). Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar is 200 µm. (B-G): Myotube diameter ( B, D, & F ) and average nuclei per myotube ( C, E, & G ) was measured in cultures receiving treatment with D-ARA ( B-C ), D-ALA ( D-E ), and D-LA ( F-G ). (H): Neutral lipid stained by BODIPY 493/503 in the dose response experiment. Representative images shown in (A) and (H ) were taken from the same fields of view. *P<0.05 for difference compared to cells receiving erastin alone.

Article Snippet: The C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cell line (ATCC, CRL-1772) was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco, 11995-065) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning, 35-010-CV) and antibiotics (penicillin 100 U/mL, streptomycin 100 μg/mL, Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C in humid air with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Staining

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Deuterated Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Alleviate In Vitro Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress

doi: 10.64898/2025.12.29.696779

Figure Lengend Snippet: At 3 days post-differentiation, mature C2C12 myotubes were co-treated with erastin (10 µM) and D-PUFAs (25 µM) in fresh DM for 24 hours. Cell mRNA expression of Scl7a11 ( A ), Hmox1 ( B ), Fbxo32 ( C ), and Il6 ( D ) were assessed using RT-qPCR as described in methods. Gene expression was normalized to Tbp . *P<0.05 for effect of D-PUFAs compared to vehicle, #P<0.05 for effect of erastin.

Article Snippet: The C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cell line (ATCC, CRL-1772) was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco, 11995-065) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Corning, 35-010-CV) and antibiotics (penicillin 100 U/mL, streptomycin 100 μg/mL, Gibco, 15140-122) at 37 °C in humid air with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Gene Expression